Video by Northwest Indian College where Muckleshoot Oral Historian George Warren King and Samish Tribal Member and Western Washington University Professor Dr. Marco Hatch explain clam preparation methods by Coast Salish people, biotoxins in clams, and clam shells’ ecosystem services.
Research article about the effect of climate change on the hydrology of the Nooksack River. It focuses on how glacial melt changes river flow and water temperature and affects salmon. It discusses the collaboration between the Nooksack Indian Tribe near Deming, Washington, government agencies, and scientists to plan for habitat restoration.
Film by American Rivers about the removal of Washington’s Middle Fork Nooksack dam, which blocked fish habitat and impacted local tribes. It also mentions other dam removal projects and river restoration with support of American Rivers and local communities.
Film by Longhouse Media and the Traditional Plants and Food Program where Elise Krohn, an herbalist and wild foods educator, discusses information about safe harvesting practices, where nettles grow, nutrients and health benefits.
Section in Climate Driven Retreat of Mount Baker Glaciers and Changing Water Resources about the North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork Nooksack River, and glacier runoff and retreat on Mount Baker.
ArcGIS StoryMap of the geography of the Salish Sea Bioregion, containing maps and facts about the bioregion, the Coast Salish peoples, waters and islands, watersheds, and more data resources.
Northwest Indian College Institute of Indigenous Foods and Traditions presents a traditional story told by storyteller Roger Fernandes (Lower Elwha) about a man’s dreams about the gathering of nettle to help his people.
Audio recording of artist, teacher, and storyteller Pauline Hillaire telling the legend as told by her father, Kwul-Kwul-'tu, about chief Cuomo Kulshan (Mount Baker), his wife (Mount Rainier), and his daughters (Twin Sister Mountain).
Lummi Nation Elder Chief Ts’ili’xw (Bill James) shares the story, 'We are survivors of the great flood.' He explains the origin of the “-mish” people (Samish, Dwamish, etc.), who come from the Lhaqtemish people who survived the flood on two canoes.
Introductory chapter from the book Knowing Home: Braiding Indigenous Science with Western Science by Gloria Snively and Wanosts’a7 Lorna Williams about cross-cultural Science Education. It focuses on the dismissal of contextual Traditional Knowledge and wisdom in Eurocentric educational systems and the experiences of students.
Educational resource and curriculum about important Native foods and cultural traditions in Salish Country with recipes, activities, and stories. There are sections on ecosystems, harvest ethics, cedar, water, camas, cattail, clams, deer and elk, duck, hazelnut, huckleberry, nettle, salal, salmon, seaweed, and strawberry.
List for curriculum lesson by Gary Fletcher from the booklet “The Saanich Year” by Earle Claxton and John Elliott. Calendars of the 13 Moons of the Wsanec (Saanich people) are listed with information, connections, background, weather, and economic activities related to each.
ArcGIS StoryMap of the Samish calendars with a lunar year of 13 moons in one Xws7ámesh Schel7óneng (Samish year). It provides information of the traditions and seasonal plants of the moons in Chents’ólheng Season (Winter), Chenqw’íles Season (Spring), Chenkw’á7les Season (Summer), and Píxwel Season (Fall).
Map of Salish Sea, with elevation and bathymetry data, extending from the north end of the Strait of Georgia to the south end of the Puget sound and west to the mouth of the Straight of Juan de Fuca. Map text focuses on natural features rather than political jurisdictions.
The Seattle Times story series on the struggle of northern and southern resident killer whales (orcas) in the Puget Sound. Articles discuss salmon decline, the impact of ships, climate change, and other human impacts on orca population.
The Tskeuk-Waututh Nation’s assessment of the Kinder Morgan Trans Mountain Pipeline (TMEX) proposal in accordance with the Nation’s Stewardship Policy. The document reviews proposed plans and policies within their Consultation Area, including Burrard Inlet in Vancouver, British Columbia. “It describes the seriousness of the potential effects of the TMEX proposal on Tsleil-Waututh title, rights, and interests.”
Resource on Halq'eméylem (Halkomelem) alphabet, with sections on words, phrases, songs, and stories. Halkomelem is a language of the Salishan language family and is spoken by the Stó:lō Nation (sometimes written ''Stó:lô'' or ''Stó:lõ'', historically as ''Staulo'’), who inhabit the Fraser Valley of British Columbia, Canada.
Journal article from Environment and Planning D: Society and Space on understanding human-water relations within current water governance. The article focuses on the potential of encompassing multiple water ontologies within water governance with examples from British Columbia, Canada.
Raincoast Conservation Foundation presents a report describing the historical context of the Lower Fraser River, the state of salmon and their habitat, current and emerging threats to this habitat, the value of salmon, and the shifting political landscape in which these habitats must be protected and restored.
Teaching kit for educators about the Musqueam First Nation. It provides historical and contemporary information about Musqueam culture, the role of language, hən̓q̓əmin̓əm̓ stories, and place names, the Nation’s efforts to defend their home and future, and Musqueam’s ancestral territory (including what is now called Greater Vancouver, British Columbia).
Museum of Anthropology at University of British Columbia video featuring Musqueam community members’ quotes alongside an animation of the Fraser River Delta’s development, major First Nations settlements, and colonial settlements from 9000 years ago to 2015.
The LFFA-RELAW (Lower Fraser Fisheries Alliance and Revitalizing Indigenous Law for Land, Air and Water) project provides a summary report of the legal traditions of the peoples of the Lower Fraser. It focuses on the First Nations’ legacy, governance, rights, and responsibilities for fish and watersheds.
Journal article from Conservation Science and Practice uses a Priority Threat Management approach to calculate the cost-effectiveness of biodiversity conservation action and co-governance in urbanized areas. Authors focus on species in the Fraser River estuary and argue for strategic planning, governance, and large-scale investment.
ArcGIS StoryMap by Pacific Salmon Foundation presents information on salmon habitat restoration in the Lower Fraser River in British Columbia, Canada. It discusses the state of salmon habitats, salmon populations, ecological and human well-being, habitat restoration, and community-based restoration.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) letter from Andrew Baca to the Impact Assessment Agency of Canada about the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project (RBT2). It discusses Salish Sea protection, the Puget Sound National Estuary Program, potential cross-boundary issues, Chinook salmon, orcas, and the sovereign tribal governments.
Port of Vancouver video overview of Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project (RBT2) , a proposed marine container terminal at Roberts Bank in Delta, British Columbia with the goals for Canada meeting future trade objectives and environmental protection.
Essay about the draining of Sumas Lake, British Columbia, Canada by the provincial government in the 1920s and the landowner and government ideologies of progress and improvement surrounding the decision. The author argues as to the source behind the financial and environmental problems of the project.
ArcGIS StoryMap by the Fraser Basin Council and BC Parks about The Fraser River’s (in British Columbia, Canada) natural heritage, geographic features, cultural heritage of the First Nations people, and recreational heritage.
Semiahmoo First Nation presents an overview of their oral hearing submission for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project in British Columbia, Canada. It discusses Aboriginal rights and title, Traditional Territory, demand for more studies about project effects, and the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous People.
The Review Panel for the Roberts Bank Terminal 2 Project (in Delta, British Columbia, Canada) presents the results of the federal review panel assessment of the potential environmental effects of the Project. It provides key findings on residual and cumulative effects for habitat and species, conclusions, and recommendations.
Resource and app to help map and learn about Indigenous territories, treaties, and languages, and ways of life. It contains global mapping and educational resources.
Short video of Nick Claxton (XEMŦOLTW̱), Tsawout community member and PhD. Candidate in UVic’s Department of Curriculum and Instruction, talking about W̱SÁNEĆ Nation reef net fishing traditional practices and revitalization. It discusses recognition of nationhood and the Douglas Treaty signed by the Saanich people in 1852.
Indigenous Foundations at the University of British Columbia describes Aboriginal rights. It defines the term and provides information about the history of Aboriginal rights and the Crown, how the court system is addressing Aboriginal rights, Aboriginal rights as inherent, and Aboriginal perspectives on government-defined Aboriginal rights.
Indigenous Foundations at the University of British Columbia presents information on Aboriginal Title. It defines the term and provides information about a history of the Crown & Aboriginal Title, Aboriginal Title in British Columbia, Aboriginal understandings of title, and what Aboriginal Title means for private property interests.
Essay by authors Nicholas XEMŦOLTW̱ Claxton (W̱SÁNEĆ) and John Price discusses the resistance of two First Nations, the W̱SÁNEĆ and the Mowachaht/Muchalaht, to settler colonialism dispossession and destruction. It discusses Aboriginal languages and rights, the Nuu-Chah-Nulth people, and UNDRIP (United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples).
Western Washington University Honors College Senior Project by Emma Ledsham about water management of the Nooksack Watershed, agricultural and tribal water rights in Washington State, and adjudication proposed by Washington State Department of Ecology.
The Government of Canada presents texts of the Douglas Treaties signed with fourteen Indigenous tribes on Vancouver Island. Texts include Teechamitsa Tribe - Country lying between Esquimalt and Point Albert; Kosampsom Tribe - Esquimalt Peninsula and Colquite Valley; Swengwhung Tribe - Victoria Peninsula; South of Colitz, Chilcowitch Tribe - Point Gonzales; Whyomilth Tribe - North-West of Esquimalt Harbour; Che-ko-nein Tribe - Point Gonzales to Cedar Hill; Ka-ky-aakan Tribe - Metchosin; Chewhaytsum Tribe - Sooke; Sooke Tribe - North-West of Sooke Inlet; Saanich Tribe - South Saanich; Saanich Tribe - North Saanich; Queackar Tribe - Fort Rupert; Quakeolth Tribe - Fort Rupert; and Saalequun Tribe - Nanaimo.
Indigenous Foundations at the University of British Columbia presents information on the Supreme Court of Canada R v. Sparrow [1990] decision. It discusses the history of the Case, the “Sparrow test,” and governmental infringement on Aboriginal rights.
Indigenous Foundations at the University of British Columbia presents information on Aboriginal fishing since time immemorial, Coast Salish harvesting methods, the introduction of canneries and a wage-based economy, the creation of an Aboriginal “food fishery,” and Aboriginal fisheries in the courts (Sparrow, Van der Peet, etc.).
Indigenous Foundations at the University of British Columbia presents information on the Supreme Court of Canada R v. Guerin [1984] decision. It discusses the Canadian government’s fiduciary duty (a trust-like relationship) to First Nations, Aboriginal rights, and Aboriginal title.
Video from a series featuring Musqueam community members discussing issues of importance to them. It is about the Supreme Court of Canada R v. Sparrow [1990] decision as well as protection and violation of Aboriginal fishing rights.
The non-profit organization Ancient Forest Alliance (AFA) website. AFA works to protect Vancouver, British Columbia’s endangered old-growth forests and to ensure a sustainable, value-added, second-growth forest industry.
News release by Union of BC Indian Chiefs about First Nation Leadership Council (FNLC) comments on the Broughton Area Letter of Understanding (LoU), signed between the Kwikwasut’inuxw Haxwa’mis, Namgis and Mamalilikulla First Nations and British Columbia. It discusses LoU’s role in reaching government-to-government agreement about the aquaculture industry in the area.
The Raincoast Conservation Foundation website. Raincoast is a team of scientists and conservationists empowered by their research to safeguard the land, waters, and wildlife of coastal British Columbia, Canada. They investigate coastal species, inform by bringing science to decision-makers and communities, and inspire action.
The Stand.earth website. Stand.earth delivers large-scale solutions to climate and environmental problems worldwide by using research, building equitable power with frontline communities, and leveraging mass movements to make a real impact on the health and wellbeing of the planet.
SalmonBusiness article about the Indigenous Monitoring and Inspection Plan (IMIP) agreement, which establishes a formal process for First Nations oversight of fish farms operating in the Territories of the ‘Namgis, Kwikwasut’inuxw Haxwa’mis, and Mamalilikulla First Nations. These sites are in Broughton Archipelago in British Columbia, Canada.
Webpage on the Kwakwaka'wakw peoples’ tribes, history, language (Kwak´wala), cultures, fisheries, traditional foods, and territory (on and around what is now called northern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada).
Ocean research from the 1970s to present is featured on the website for Ocean Wise, a global conservation organization that creates community action to protect and restore the ocean.